1. 節(jié)氣門位置傳感器

1. throttle position sensor

　　節(jié)氣門位置傳感器安裝在發(fā)動機(jī)節(jié)氣門體上，并與節(jié)氣門閥門聯(lián)動，是由駕駛員通過加速踏板來控制的。其作用是測量發(fā)動機(jī)節(jié)氣門的開度，使控制單元了解發(fā)動機(jī)負(fù)荷，以此作為自動變速器換擋的一個(gè)重要依據(jù)。

The throttle position sensor is installed on the engine throttle body and linked with the throttle valve, which is controlled by the driver through the accelerator pedal. Its function is to measure the opening of the engine throttle, enabling the control unit to understand the engine load, which serves as an important basis for automatic transmission shifting.

　　2. 輸入軸轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器

2. Input shaft speed sensor

　　輸入軸轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器與車速傳感器類似，也分電磁感應(yīng)式傳感器和霍爾式傳感器。它安裝在行星齒輪機(jī)構(gòu)輸入軸（液力變矩器渦輪輸出軸）附近或與輸出軸連接的離合器鼓附近的殼體上，用以檢測自動變速器輸入軸轉(zhuǎn)速信號，該信號使電子控制單元對換擋過程的控制更為精確，同時(shí)該信號與發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速信號比較可計(jì)算出液力變矩器的傳動比，優(yōu)化油路壓力控制過程和鎖止離合器的控制過程，改善換擋質(zhì)量，提高汽車的行駛性能。其結(jié)構(gòu)、工作原理與車速傳感器相同。

The input shaft speed sensor is similar to the vehicle speed sensor and can be divided into electromagnetic induction sensors and Hall sensors. It is installed on the housing near the input shaft (output shaft of the hydraulic torque converter turbine) of the planetary gear mechanism or the clutch drum connected to the output shaft to detect the input shaft speed signal of the automatic transmission. This signal makes the electronic control unit more precise in controlling the shifting process. At the same time, compared with the engine speed signal, this signal can calculate the transmission ratio of the hydraulic torque converter, optimize the oil pressure control process and the control process of the lock up clutch, improve the shifting quality, and enhance the driving performance of the car. Its structure and working principle are the same as the speed sensor.

　　3.霍爾式轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器

3. Hall type speed sensor

　　當(dāng)霍爾元件中有電流經(jīng)過并有磁場垂直施加于此元件時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生一分別垂直于磁場和電流且與電流和磁場強(qiáng)度成正比的電壓，這些電壓信號就是輸出軸轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器脈沖信號。

When a current passes through a Hall element and a magnetic field is applied vertically to the element, a voltage perpendicular to the magnetic field and current, and proportional to the current and magnetic field strength, will be generated. These voltage signals are the output shaft speed sensor pulse signals.

　　4. 自動變速器油 油溫傳感器

4. Automatic transmission oil temperature sensor

　　如下圖所示，油溫傳感器安裝在液壓控制閥體上。其主要作用是將自動變速箱內(nèi)的自動變速器油溫度轉(zhuǎn)換成電壓信號傳輸至汽車自動變速箱控制模塊，以作為汽車自動變速箱控制模塊進(jìn)行換擋控制、油壓控制、鎖止離合器控制的依據(jù)。在汽車起步或低速大負(fù)荷行駛時(shí)，液力變矩器轉(zhuǎn)速比小，效率低，發(fā)熱嚴(yán)重，造成油溫升高，在超過某一溫度界限時(shí)，變速器要在較高的發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速狀況下才開始換擋。

As shown in the figure below, the oil temperature sensor is installed on the hydraulic control valve body. Its main function is to convert the automatic transmission oil temperature inside the automatic transmission box into a voltage signal and transmit it to the automatic transmission control module of the car, which serves as the basis for shifting control, oil pressure control, and lock up clutch control of the automatic transmission control module. When starting a car or driving at low speeds and high loads, the hydraulic torque converter has a low speed ratio, low efficiency, and severe heat generation, causing an increase in oil temperature. When the temperature exceeds a certain limit, the transmission needs to start shifting at higher engine speeds.

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