Automatic transmission detection is divided into basic detection, stall detection, gear detection, hydraulic detection and road detection. The core of automatic transmission maintenance is to realize automatic shift. The so-called automatic shift means that the driver controls the accelerator pedal (accelerator pedal) according to the needs of the driving process during the driving process of the car. The automatic transmission can automatically shift into different gears according to the engine load and the operating conditions of the car. The purpose is to determine the technical status of the transmission by testing, find out the cause and location of the fault, and take corresponding measures to eliminate the fault.

1常規(guī)檢測(cè)

1 routine test

自動(dòng)變速箱故障主要是由于自動(dòng)變速箱維護(hù)不當(dāng)所致。自動(dòng)變速箱維修是相對(duì)于手動(dòng)變速箱而出現(xiàn)的一種能夠自動(dòng)根據(jù)汽車車速和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速來進(jìn)行自動(dòng)換擋操縱的變速裝置。目前汽車自動(dòng)變速箱常見的有四種型式，分別是液力自動(dòng)變速箱、機(jī)械無級(jí)自動(dòng)變速箱(、電控機(jī)械自動(dòng)變速箱和雙離合自動(dòng)變速箱。因此，首先要對(duì)自動(dòng)變速箱進(jìn)行基本的檢測(cè)和調(diào)整，這樣不僅可以解決由于維修不當(dāng)而引起的一些故障，而且可以為進(jìn)一步的故障診斷提供有用的信息。

The failure of automatic transmission is mainly caused by improper maintenance of automatic transmission. Automatic transmission maintenance is a kind of transmission device which can automatically shift according to vehicle speed and engine speed. At present, there are four types of automatic transmission, namely hydraulic automatic transmission, mechanical stepless automatic transmission, electronic mechanical automatic transmission and double clutch automatic transmission. Therefore, first of all, the automatic transmission should be tested and adjusted, which can not only solve some faults caused by improper maintenance, but also provide useful information for further fault diagnosis.

(1)檢測(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)怠速

(1) Detect engine idle speed

發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)怠速，達(dá)到正常水溫后，自動(dòng)變速箱置于“N”位置時(shí)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的怠速是否在規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)。如果怠速過低，當(dāng)變速器放置在“R”、“D”、“2”或“1”位置時(shí)，會(huì)引起汽車振動(dòng)，影響座椅的舒適性，嚴(yán)重地使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。如果怠速過高，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生換擋沖擊。

When the engine idles and reaches the normal water temperature, whether the idle speed of the engine is within the specified range when the automatic transmission is placed in the "n" position. If the idle speed is too low, when the transmission is placed in "R", "d", "2" or "1" position, it will cause vehicle vibration, affect the comfort of the seat, and seriously make the engine flameout. If the idle speed is too high, there will be shift impact.

(2)檢測(cè)節(jié)流閥電纜

(2) Throttle cable detection valve

在自動(dòng)變速箱中，節(jié)流電纜連接到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)上的節(jié)氣門。通過改變油門位移，將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)油門開度信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換為油門壓力信號(hào)。油門張力線的檢測(cè)主要是檢查反映發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)負(fù)荷的油門開度，以及是否準(zhǔn)確地反映了自動(dòng)變速箱中的油門。

In an automatic transmission, the throttle cable is connected to the throttle valve on the engine. By changing the throttle displacement, the engine throttle opening signal is converted into the throttle pressure signal. The detection of throttle tension line is mainly to check whether the throttle opening reflects the engine load and whether it accurately reflects the throttle in the automatic transmission.

(3)齒輪選擇機(jī)構(gòu)的檢測(cè)

(3) Detection of gear selection mechanism

驅(qū)動(dòng)器操作齒輪選擇，控制閥實(shí)現(xiàn)換擋。如果選擇器控制閥發(fā)生故障，自動(dòng)變速箱將無法正常工作。

The driver operates the gear selection, and the control valve realizes shifting. If the selector control valve fails, the automatic transmission will not function properly.

首先，觀察齒輪選擇機(jī)構(gòu)的傳動(dòng)桿是否變形或干涉，以及接頭是否固定良好。然后將選擇手柄懸掛在每個(gè)齒輪上，并利用手柄的感覺來判斷選擇機(jī)構(gòu)是否工作正常。例如，手柄在進(jìn)入每個(gè)齒輪時(shí)是否靈活，進(jìn)入齒輪后手柄是否處于正確的位置，等等。

Firstly, observe whether the transmission rod of gear selection mechanism is deformed or interfered, and whether the joint is fixed well. Then hang the selection handle on each gear, and use the feeling of the handle to judge whether the selection mechanism works normally. For example, whether the handle is flexible when entering each gear, whether the handle is in the correct position after entering the gear, etc.

檢測(cè)中性啟動(dòng)開關(guān)，以確定發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)是否僅在變速器換檔手柄處于“N”或“P”位置時(shí)才能啟動(dòng)，以及是否僅在齒輪選擇手柄位于“R”位置時(shí)才打開倒車燈，以便打開倒車燈。

The neutral start switch is tested to determine if the engine can only be started when the transmission shift handle is in the "n" or "P" position, and whether the backup lights are turned on only when the gear selection handle is in the "R" position in order to turn on the backup lights.

檢測(cè)超速控制開關(guān)，查看自動(dòng)變速箱超速是否正常。

Check the overspeed control switch to check whether the automatic transmission is normal.

在安裝強(qiáng)制下檔開關(guān)并打開開關(guān)時(shí)，檢測(cè)強(qiáng)制齒輪開關(guān)，以查看傳感器電路中某些導(dǎo)線的連接是否良好，節(jié)氣門開度是否正常。

When installing the forced downshift switch and opening the switch, check the forcing gear switch to see if some wires in the sensor circuit are connected well and whether the throttle opening is normal.