自動變速箱與手自一體變速箱的不同點(diǎn)有哪些？

What are the differences between an automatic transmission and a manual automatic transmission?

　　區(qū)別：手自一體變速箱是汽車的手動換擋和自動換擋結(jié)合在一起的變速方式，而自動變速箱是相對于手動變速箱而出現(xiàn)的一種能夠自動根據(jù)汽車車速和發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速來進(jìn)行自動換擋操縱的變速裝置。

Difference: The manual automatic transmission is a combination of manual and automatic shifting in a car, while the automatic transmission is a transmission device that appears relative to the manual transmission and can automatically shift according to the car speed and engine speed.

　　1. 手自一體變速箱簡介：

Introduction to manual automatic transmission:

　　手自一體變速器就是將汽車的手動換擋和自動換擋結(jié)合在一起的變速方式。該變速器結(jié)合了自動變速器和手動變速器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，最大限度地減少了變速系統(tǒng)的功率損耗。手動擋因?yàn)榭梢愿鶕?jù)駕駛員的主觀意愿，自由調(diào)節(jié)擋位及轉(zhuǎn)速，駕駛起來有種暢快的感覺，運(yùn)動感十足，富有駕駛樂趣。手自一體的手動擋有別于純手動檔的汽車，雖結(jié)構(gòu)中設(shè)置有離合器裝置，但需要駕駛員操縱，也就是自動離合。手自一體的汽車在用手動擋時(shí)，只需撥到手動擋，隨著時(shí)速的變換，向上或向下調(diào)節(jié)檔位。如果速度跟不上相應(yīng)的檔位，那么檔位會自動往下調(diào)；如果速度高于所在的檔位，則需要手動向上撥。

A manual automatic transmission is a transmission method that combines manual and automatic shifting in a car. This transmission combines the advantages of both automatic and manual transmissions, minimizing power loss in the transmission system. Manual transmission can freely adjust the gear and speed according to the driver's subjective wishes, providing a smooth driving experience with a strong sense of sportiness and enjoyable driving experience. The manual transmission with manual and automatic transmission is different from pure manual transmission cars. Although the structure is equipped with a clutch device, it requires the driver to operate, which is automatic clutch. When using manual transmission in a car that integrates manual and automatic transmission, simply shift to manual mode and adjust the gear up or down as the speed changes. If the speed cannot keep up with the corresponding gear, the gear will automatically adjust downwards; If the speed is higher than the gear you are in, you need to manually shift it up.

　　2. 自動變速箱簡介：

2. Introduction to Automatic Transmission:

　　自動變速器的核心在實(shí)現(xiàn)自動換擋。所謂自動換擋是指汽車在行駛的過程中，駕駛員按行駛過程的需要操控加速踏板（油門踏板），自動變速器即可根據(jù)發(fā)動機(jī)負(fù)荷和汽車的運(yùn)行工況，自動換入不同擋位工作。

The core of an automatic transmission is to achieve automatic shifting. The so-called automatic shifting refers to the process of driving a car, where the driver controls the accelerator pedal (accelerator pedal) according to the needs of the driving process. The automatic transmission can automatically shift into different gears according to the engine load and the operating conditions of the car.

　　自動變速箱是相對于手動變速箱而出現(xiàn)的一種能夠自動根據(jù)汽車車速和發(fā)動機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速來進(jìn)行自動換擋操縱的變速裝置。目前汽車自動變速箱常見的有四種型式，分別是液力自動變速箱(AT)、機(jī)械無級自動變速箱(CVT)、電控機(jī)械自動變速箱(AMT)和雙離合自動變速箱。

Automatic transmission is a transmission device that appears relative to manual transmission and can automatically shift gears according to the vehicle speed and engine speed. At present, there are four common types of automatic transmissions in automobiles, namely hydraulic automatic transmission (AT), mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT), electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission (AMT), and dual clutch automatic transmission.

　　手自一體變速箱工作原理：

Working principle of manual automatic transmission:

　　在結(jié)構(gòu)上，手自一體變速器主要由普通的齒輪箱（和手動變速器一樣）、電子控制離合器、自動換擋操縱機(jī)構(gòu)和電子控制部分等組成。電子控制離合器的作用是根據(jù)需要自動地使離合器分離、接合或者"吊"離合器，工作時(shí)由變速器ECU控制步進(jìn)電機(jī)推動離合器撥叉，使離合器分離或接合。自動換擋操縱機(jī)構(gòu)的作用是根據(jù)需要自動地掛入相應(yīng)的擋位，一般設(shè)置兩個(gè)步進(jìn)電機(jī)，都由變速器ECU來控制。其排擋桿的設(shè)置和普通自動變速器相似、沒有離合器踏板。該變速器的工作實(shí)際上是利用自動控制部分來模擬人工的換擋工作，正常駕駛時(shí)和液壓自動變速器沒有什么區(qū)別，只是在停車時(shí)，離合器是分離的，所以如果停在坡道上時(shí)，一定要踩剎車，否則會溜車。如果使用手動模式，會覺得好象是在駕駛手排擋車一樣，動力來得非常直接，還省去了踩離合器的動作，而且不需要一擋一擋地加減擋，可以跳躍加減擋。

Structurally, the manual automatic transmission mainly consists of a regular gearbox (similar to a manual transmission), an electronic control clutch, an automatic shift control mechanism, and an electronic control part. The function of the electronic control clutch is to automatically disengage, engage, or "lift" the clutch as needed. During operation, the transmission ECU controls the stepper motor to push the clutch fork, causing the clutch to disengage or engage. The function of the automatic shift control mechanism is to automatically shift into the corresponding gear as needed. Generally, two stepper motors are set up, both of which are controlled by the transmission ECU. The gear lever setting is similar to that of a regular automatic transmission, without a clutch pedal. The function of this transmission is actually to simulate manual gear shifting using the automatic control part. There is no difference between normal driving and a hydraulic automatic transmission, except that the clutch is disengaged when parking. Therefore, if parking on a slope, be sure to press the brake, otherwise the car will slip. If using manual mode, it feels like driving a manual transmission car. The power is very direct, and there is no need to press the clutch. Moreover, there is no need to shift gears one by one, and you can jump up and down gears.

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